Genomic consequences of apple improvement

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dc.contributor.author
Migicovsky, Zoë
Gardner, Kyle M.
Richards, Christopher
Thomas Chao, C.
Schwaninger, Heidi R.
Fazio, Gennaro
Zhong, Gan-Yuan
Myles, Sean
dc.date.accepted
2020-11-09
dc.date.accessioned
2024-01-10T17:17:09Z
dc.date.available
2024-01-10T17:17:09Z
dc.date.issued
2021-01-01
dc.date.submitted
2020-10-05
dc.description.abstract - en
The apple (Malus domestica) is one of the world’s most commercially important perennial crops and its improvement has been the focus of human effort for thousands of years. Here, we genetically characterise over 1000 apple accessions from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) germplasm collection using over 30,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We confirm the close genetic relationship between modern apple cultivars and their primary progenitor species, Malus sieversii from Central Asia, and find that cider apples derive more of their ancestry from the European crabapple, Malus sylvestris, than do dessert apples. We determine that most of the USDA collection is a large complex pedigree: over half of the collection is interconnected by a series of first-degree relationships. In addition, 15% of the accessions have a first-degree relationship with one of the top 8 cultivars produced in the USA. With the exception of ‘Honeycrisp’, the top 8 cultivars are interconnected to each other via pedigree relationships. The cultivars ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’ were found to have over 60 first-degree relatives, consistent with their repeated use by apple breeders. We detected a signature of intense selection for red skin and provide evidence that breeders also selected for increased firmness. Our results suggest that Americans are eating apples largely from a single family tree and that the apple’s future improvement will benefit from increased exploitation of its tremendous natural genetic diversity.
dc.identifier.citation
Migicovsky, Z., Gardner, K. M., Richards, C., Thomas Chao, C., Schwaninger, H. R., Fazio, G., Zhong, G.-Y., & Myles, S. (2021). Genomic consequences of Apple Improvement. Horticulture Research, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-020-00441-7
dc.identifier.doi
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-020-00441-7
dc.identifier.issn
2052-7276
dc.identifier.uri
https://open-science.canada.ca/handle/123456789/1655
dc.language.iso
en
dc.publisher
Oxford University Press
dc.rights - en
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights - fr
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights.openaccesslevel - en
Gold
dc.rights.openaccesslevel - fr
Or
dc.rights.uri - en
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.uri - fr
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.fr
dc.subject - en
Agriculture
dc.subject - fr
Agriculture
dc.subject.en - en
Agriculture
dc.subject.fr - fr
Agriculture
dc.title - en
Genomic consequences of apple improvement
dc.type - en
Article
dc.type - fr
Article
local.acceptedmanuscript.articlenum
9
local.article.journalissue
1
local.article.journaltitle
Horticulture Research
local.article.journalvolume
8
local.peerreview - en
Yes
local.peerreview - fr
Oui
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