Humoral immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in people living with HIV receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy

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dc.contributor.author

Brumme, Zabrina L.

Mwimanzi, Francis

Lapointe, Hope R.

Cheung, Peter K.

Sang, Yurou

Duncan, Maggie C.

Yaseen, Fatima

Agafitei, Olga

Ennis, Siobhan

Ng, Kurtis

Basra, Simran

Lim, Li Yi

Kalikawe, Rebecca

Speckmaier, Sarah

Moran-Garcia, Nadia

Young, Landon

Ali, Hesham

Ganase, Bruce

Umviligihozo, Gisele

Omondi, F. Harrison

Atkinson, Kieran

Sudderuddin, Hanwei

Toy, Junine

Sereda, Paul

Burns, Laura

Costiniuk, Cecilia T.

Cooper, Curtis

Anis, Aslam H.

Leung, Victor

Holmes, Daniel

DeMarco, Mari L.

Simons, Janet

Hedgcock, Malcolm

Romney, Marc G.

Barrios, Rolando

Guillemi, Silvia

Brumme, Chanson J.

Pantophlet, Ralph

Montaner, Julio S. G.

Niikura, Masahiro

Harris, Marianne

Hull, Mark

Brockman, Mark A.

dc.date.accessioned

2025-01-28T16:18:14Z

dc.date.available

2025-01-28T16:18:14Z

dc.date.issued

2022-02-28

dc.description.abstract - en

Humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccines in people living with HIV (PLWH) remain incompletely characterized. We measured circulating antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), ACE2 displacement and viral neutralization activities one month following the first and second COVID-19 vaccine doses, and again 3 months following the second dose, in 100 adult PLWH and 152 controls. All PLWH were receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy, with median CD4+ T-cell counts of 710 (IQR 525–935) cells/mm3, though nadir CD4+ T-cell counts ranged as low as <10 cells/mm3. After adjustment for sociodemographic, health and vaccine-related variables, HIV infection was associated with lower anti-RBD antibody concentrations and ACE2 displacement activity after one vaccine dose. Following two doses however, HIV was not significantly associated with the magnitude of any humoral response after multivariable adjustment. Rather, older age, a higher burden of chronic health conditions, and dual ChAdOx1 vaccination were associated with lower responses after two vaccine doses. No significant correlation was observed between recent or nadir CD4+ T-cell counts and responses to two vaccine doses in PLWH. These results indicate that PLWH with well-controlled viral loads and CD4+ T-cell counts in a healthy range generally mount strong initial humoral responses to dual COVID-19 vaccination. Factors including age, co-morbidities, vaccine brand, response durability and the rise of new SARS-CoV-2 variants will influence when PLWH will benefit from additional doses. Further studies of PLWH who are not receiving antiretroviral treatment or who have low CD4+ T-cell counts are needed, as are longer-term assessments of response durability.

dc.description.sponsorship

This work was supported by funding from Genome BC, the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, and the BCCDC Foundation for Public Health through a rapid SARS-CoV-2 vaccine research initiative in BC award (VAC-009 to Z.L.B., M.A.B.). It was also supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) through two COVID-19 Immunology Task Force (CITF) COVID-19 Awards (to Z.L.B., M.G.R., M.A.B. and to C.T.C., C.C., A.H.A.), the Canada Foundation for Innovation through Exceptional Opportunities Fund—COVID-19 awards (to C.J.B., M.A.B., M.N., M.L.D., R.P., Z.L.B.), a British Columbia Ministry of Health—Providence Health Care Research Institute COVID-19 Research Priorities Grant (to C.J.B.), the CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN) (to A.H.A.) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (R01AI134229 to R.P.). M.L.D. and Z.L.B. hold Scholar Awards from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. L.Y.L. was supported by an SFU Undergraduate Research Award. G.U. and F.H.O. are supported by Ph.D. fellowships from the Sub-Saharan African Network for TB/HIV Research Excellence (SANTHE), a DELTAS Africa Initiative [grant # DEL-15-006]. The DELTAS Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS)’s Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency) with funding from the Wellcome Trust [grant # 107752/Z/15/Z] and the UK government. H.S. is supported by a CGS-M award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).

dc.identifier.doi

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-022-00452-6

dc.identifier.issn

2059-0105

dc.identifier.pubmedID

35228535

dc.identifier.uri

https://open-science.canada.ca/handle/123456789/3370

dc.language.iso

en

dc.publisher - en

Springer Nature in partnership with the Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences at the University of Texas Medical Branch

dc.rights - en

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

dc.rights - fr

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

dc.rights.openaccesslevel - en

Gold

dc.rights.openaccesslevel - fr

Or

dc.rights.uri - en

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

dc.rights.uri - fr

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.fr

dc.subject - en

Health

Immunization

Coronavirus diseases

dc.subject - fr

Santé

Immunisation

Maladie à coronavirus

dc.subject.en - en

Health

Immunization

Coronavirus diseases

dc.subject.fr - fr

Santé

Immunisation

Maladie à coronavirus

dc.title - en

Humoral immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in people living with HIV receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy

dc.type - en

Article

dc.type - fr

Article

local.acceptedmanuscript.articlenum

28

local.article.journaltitle - en

npj Vaccines

local.article.journalvolume

7

local.pagination

1-12

local.peerreview - en

Yes

local.peerreview - fr

Oui

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