Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using Henipavirus-Receptor EphrinB2 and monoclonal antibodies for detecting Nipah and Hendra viruses

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DOI

https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050794

Language of the publication
English
Date
2024-05-16
Type
Article
Author(s)
  • Zhu, Wenjun
  • Smith, Greg
  • Pickering, Bradley
  • Banadyga, Logan
  • Yang, Ming
Publisher
MDPI

Abstract

The Nipah virus (NiV) and the Hendra virus (HeV) are highly pathogenic zoonotic diseases that can cause fatal infections in humans and animals. Early detection is critical for the control of NiV and HeV infections. We present the development of two antigen-detection ELISAs (AgELISAs) using the henipavirus-receptor EphrinB2 and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to detect NiV and HeV. The NiV AgELISA detected only NiV, whereas the NiV/HeV AgELISA detected both NiV and HeV. The diagnostic specificities of the NiV AgELISA and the NiV/HeV AgELISA were 100% and 97.8%, respectively. Both assays were specific for henipaviruses and showed no cross-reactivity with other viruses. The AgELISAs detected NiV antigen in experimental pig nasal wash samples taken at 4 days post-infection. With the combination of both AgELISAs, NiV can be differentiated from HeV. Complementing other henipavirus detection methods, these two newly developed AgELISAs can rapidly detect NiV and HeV in a large number of samples and are suitable for use in remote areas where other tests are not available.

Subject

  • Animal diseases

Keywords

  • Nipah virus,
  • Monoclonal antibodies,
  • Zoonotic and emerging pathogens,
  • Zoonosis

Rights

Peer review

Yes

Article

Journal title
Viruses
Journal volume
16
Journal issue
5
Article number
794
Accepted date
2024-05-14
Submitted date
2024-03-27

Citation(s)

Zhu, W., Smith, G., Pickering, B., Banadyga, L., & Yang, M. (2024, May 16). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using henipavirus-receptor ephrinb2 and monoclonal antibodies for detecting Nipah and hendra viruses. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050794

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Animals

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