Évaluation des stocks de phoque commun du pacifique (Phoca vitulina richardsi) au canada en 2019

Abstract

Standardized aerial surveys were conducted between 2015-2019 to assess the abundance of Harbour Seals in British Columbia (BC). Approximately 90% of the entire coastline was covered using fixed-wing aircraft to count seals hauled-out on land during specific low-tide windows. Five years were required to survey all regions of BC, and thus, this assessment represents a compilation of surveys. Thirty-two satellite transmitters were deployed on adult and juvenile seals between 2019-2021 to estimate the proportion hauled-out, and to calculate a correction factor for animals at-sea and not present at the time of the surveys. An estimate of 78.5% of the seals were hauled-out during the survey period. This marks a substantial change from the last derivation from the early 1990’s, when 62% of the seals were hauled-out. After applying the most recent correction factor, adjusting estimates for survey coverage, and summing regional abundance estimates in the year surveyed, 84,500 (95% CI 81,160 to 87,970) harbour seals were estimated in BC in 2015 – 2019. Projecting all regional trends to 2019 yielded a total estimate of 86,000 (95% CI 74,750 to 98,990) harbour seals in BC waters. Potential Biological Removal (PBR) estimated at 4,895 seals in 2019. While regional PBR allocations were estimated, they were deemed problematic as they may lead to local depletions. Correcting past surveys for uncovered areas resulted in an updated estimate for 2003-2008 of 112,400 (95% CI 108,000-117,000) seals, which is similar to the initial estimate of 105,000 seals (95% CI of 90,900-118,900). Given the uncertainty in the regional estimates, the stock in 2015-2019 is considered either stable or in slight decline relative to the 2003-2008 assessment. Abundance, density and trends varied regionally.