COVID-19 vaccine antibody responses in community-dwelling adults to 48 weeks post primary vaccine series

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DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.106506

Language of the publication
English
Date
2023-04-21
Type
Article
Author(s)
  • Walmsley, Sharon L.
  • Szadkowski, Leah
  • Wouters, Bradly
  • Clarke, Rosemarie
  • Colwill, Karen
  • Rochon, Paula
  • Brudno, Michael
  • Ravindran, Rizanni
  • Raboud, Janet
  • McGeer, Allison
  • Oza, Amit
  • Graham, Christopher
  • Silva, Amanda
  • Manase, Dorin
  • Maksymowsky, Peter
  • Parente, Laura
  • Dayam, Roaya Monica
  • Simpson, Jacqueline
  • Pasculescu, Adrian
  • Gingras, Anne-Claude
Publisher
Cell Press

Abstract

We report a decentralized prospective cohort study of self-reported adverse events and antibody responses to COVID vaccines derived from dried blood spots. Data are presented for 911 older (aged >70 years) and 375 younger (30–50 years) recruits to 48 weeks after the primary vaccine series. After a single vaccine, 83% younger and 45% older participants had overall seropositivity (p < 0.0001) increasing to 100/98% with the second dose, respectively (p = 0.084). A cancer diagnosis (p = 0.009), no mRNA-1273 vaccine doses (p <0 .0001), and older age (p <0 .0001) predicted lower responses. Antibody levels declined in both cohorts at 12 and 24 weeks increasing with booster doses. At 48 weeks, for participants with 3 vaccine doses, the median antibody levels were higher in the older cohort (p = 0.04) with any dose of mRNA-1273 (p <0 .0001) and with COVID infection (p <0 .001). The vaccines were well tolerated. Breakthrough COVID infections were uncommon (16% older cohort, 29% younger cohort; p < 0.0001) and mild.

Subject

  • Health

Keywords

  • Health sciences,
  • Public health,
  • Immunology,
  • Immune response,
  • Microbiology

Rights

Peer review

Yes

Open access level

Gold

Identifiers

ISSN
2589-0042

Article

Journal title
iScience
Journal volume
26
Journal issue
4
Article number
106506
Accepted date
2023-03-22
Submitted date
2022-12-23

Citation(s)

Walmsley SL, Szadkowski L, Wouters B, et al. COVID-19 vaccine antibody responses in community-dwelling adults to 48 weeks post primary vaccine series. iScience. 2023;26(4):106506. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.106506

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Collection(s)

Communicable diseases

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