Legume cover crop as a primary nitrogen source in an organic crop rotation in Ontario, Canada: impacts on corn, soybean and winter wheat yields
Legume cover crop as a primary nitrogen source in an organic crop rotation in Ontario, Canada: impacts on corn, soybean and winter wheat yields
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- creativework.keywords - en
- moldboard plough
- legumes
- cover crops
- nitrogen
- organic farming
- summer seeding
- soybean
- winter wheat
- corn
- crop rotation
- creativework.keywords - fr
- charrue à socs et versoirs
- soja
- légumineuses
- cultures de couverture
- azote
- agriculture biologique
- ensemencement d'été
- céréales d’automne
- assolement
- maïs
- dc.contributor.author
- Yang, Xueming
- Drury, Craig F.
- Reynolds, W. Dan
- Reeb, Mary-Anne D.
- dc.date.accepted
- 2023-12-19
- dc.date.accessioned
- 2024-11-05T23:02:24Z
- dc.date.available
- 2024-11-05T23:02:24Z
- dc.date.issued
- 2023-12-29
- dc.date.submitted
- 2023-10-04
- dc.description.abstract - en
- This study presents results from the first 5 years of an organic cropping trial in Ontario, Canada, where legume cover crops were the primary nitrogen source in a soybean-winter wheat/cover crop-corn rotation. Treatments included cover crop termination using moldboard plow (MP) or chisel plow (CP), a no-cover crop control under conventional production (CK-C), and four cover crops including summer-seeded crimson clover (CC, Trifolium incarnatum L.), summer-seeded hairy vetch (HV, Vicia villosa L. Roth), summer-seeded red clover (RCss, Trifolium pratense L.), and frost-seeded red clover (RCfs). Summer-seeding occurred after wheat harvest (July–August), and frost-seeding occurred in early spring (March–April). At cover crop termination, average aboveground cover crop biomass ranged from 5.9 to 8.1 Mg ha−1, while accumulated biomass nitrogen ranged from 155 to 193 kg ha−1. Corn grain yields were 11.6 Mg ha−1 for MP and 10.2 Mg ha−1 for CP tillage-termination method; and 13.3 Mg ha−1 for CK-C, 10.9 Mg ha−1 for RCfs, 10.6 Mg ha−1 for HV, 10.2 Mg ha−1 for CC, and 9.5 Mg ha−1 for RCss. Organic winter wheat yields were nitrogen-limited, averaging 27% lower than CK-C. Winter wheat yields were 10–15% lower in the RCfs than in other summer-seeded cover crop treatments. Soybean yields were largely unaffected by the treatments. It was concluded that summer-seeded legume cover crops are an effective primary nitrogen source for corn, but not as effective for the winter wheat phase of the soybean-winter wheat-corn rotation.
- dc.identifier.citation
- Yang, X., Drury, C. F., Reynolds, W. D., & Reeb, M-A. D. (2023). Legume cover crop as a primary nitrogen source in an organic crop rotation in Ontario, Canada: impacts on corn, soybean and winter wheat yields. Organic Agriculture, 14, 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-023-00452-3
- dc.identifier.doi
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-023-00452-3
- dc.identifier.issn
- 1879-4246
- 1879-4238
- dc.identifier.uri
- https://open-science.canada.ca/handle/123456789/3109
- dc.language.iso
- en
- dc.publisher - en
- Springer Nature
- dc.rights - en
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
- dc.rights - fr
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
- dc.rights.uri - en
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.rights.uri - fr
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.fr
- dc.subject - en
- Agriculture
- dc.subject - fr
- Agriculture
- dc.subject.en - en
- Agriculture
- dc.subject.fr - fr
- Agriculture
- dc.title - en
- Legume cover crop as a primary nitrogen source in an organic crop rotation in Ontario, Canada: impacts on corn, soybean and winter wheat yields
- dc.type - en
- Article
- dc.type - fr
- Article
- local.article.journaltitle - en
- Organic Agriculture
- local.article.journalvolume
- 14
- local.pagination
- 19-31
- local.peerreview - en
- Yes
- local.peerreview - fr
- Oui
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