Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in British Columbia’s largest school district during the second half of the 2020–2021 school year

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the extent and characteristics of in-school transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and determine risk factors for in-school acquisition of COVID-19 in one of Canada's largest school districts. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all reportable cases of COVID-19 who attended a kindergarten-Grade 12 (K-12) school within the study area between January and June of the 2020-2021 school year. The acquisition source was inferred based on epidemiological data and, when available, whole genome sequencing results. Mixed effects logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors independently associated with in-school acquisition of COVID-19. Results: Overall, 2877 cases of COVID-19 among staff and students were included in the analysis; of those, 9.1% had evidence of in-school acquisition. The median cluster size was two cases (interquartile range: 1). Risk factors for in-school acquisition included being male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-2.17), being a staff member (aOR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.64-4.21) and attending or working in an independent school (aOR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.13-4.62). Conclusion: In-school acquisition of COVID-19 was uncommon during the study period. Risk factors were identified in order to support the implementation of mitigation strategies that can reduce transmission further.