M2e nanovaccines supplemented with recombinant hemagglutinin protect chickens against heterologous HPAI H5N1 challenge

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DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-024-00944-7

Language of the publication
English
Date
2024-09-05
Type
Article
Author(s)
  • Calzas, Cynthia
  • Alkie, Tamiru N.
  • Suderman, Matthew
  • Embury-Hyatt, Carissa
  • Khatri, Vinay
  • Le Goffic, Ronan
  • Berhane, Yohannes
  • Bourgault, Steve
  • Archambault, Denis
  • Chevalier, Christophe
Publisher
Springer Nature

Abstract

Current poultry vaccines against influenza A viruses target the globular head region of the hemagglutinin (HA1), providing limited protection against antigenically divergent strains. Experimental subunit vaccines based on the conserved ectodomain of the matrix protein 2 (M2e) induce cross-reactive antibody responses, but fail to fully prevent virus shedding after low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus challenge, and are ineffective against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. This study assessed the benefits of combining nanoparticles bearing three tandem M2e repeats (NR-3M2e nanorings or NF-3M2e nanofilaments) with an HA1 subunit vaccine in protecting chickens against a heterologous HPAI H5N1 virus challenge. Chickens vaccinated with the combined formulations developed M2e and HA1-specific antibodies, were fully protected from clinical disease and mortality, and showed no histopathological lesions or virus shedding, unlike those given only HA1, NR-3M2e, or NF-3M2e. Thus, the combined vaccine formulations provided complete cross-protection against HPAI H5N1 virus, and prevented environmental virus shedding, crucial for controlling avian influenza outbreaks.

Subject

  • Influenza,
  • Viruses,
  • Animal diseases

Keywords

  • Avian influenza

Rights

Peer review

Yes

Identifiers

ISSN
2059-0105

Article

Journal title
NPJ vaccines
Journal volume
9
Journal issue
1
Accepted date
2024-08-07
Submitted date
2023-12-21

Citation(s)

Calzas, C., Alkie, T. N., Suderman, M., Embury-Hyatt, C., Khatri, V., Le Goffic, R., Berhane, Y., Bourgault, S., Archambault, D., & Chevalier, C. (2024). M2E nanovaccines supplemented with recombinant hemagglutinin protect chickens against heterologous HPAI H5N1 challenge. Npj Vaccines, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-024-00944-7

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