Avian influenza viruses in wild birds in Canada following incursions of highly pathogenic H5N1 virus from Eurasia in 2021–2022

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creativework.keywords - en
Avian influenza
Animals--Diseases--Monitoring
creativework.keywords - fr
Grippe aviaire
Animaux--Maladies--Surveillance
dc.contributor.author
Giacinti, Jolene A.
Signore, Anthony V.
Jones, Megan E. B.
Bourque, Laura
Lair, Stéphane
Jardine, Claire
Stevens, Brian
Bollinger, Trent
Goldsmith, Dayna
Pybus, Margo
Stasiak, Iga
Davis, Richard
Pople, Neil
Nituch, Larissa
Brook, Rodney W.
Ojkic, Davor
Massé, Ariane
Dimitri-Masson, Gabrielle
Parsons, Glen J.
Baker, Meghan
Yason, Carmencita
Harms, Jane
Jutha, Naima
Neely, Jon
Berhane, Yohannes
Lung, Oliver
French, Shannon K.
Myers, Lawrna
Provencher, Jennifer F.
Avery-Gomm, Stephanie
Robertson, Gregory J.
Barychka, Tatsiana
Gurney, Kirsty E. B.
Wight, Jordan
Rahman, Ishraq
Hargan, Kathryn
Lang, Andrew S.
Montevecchi, William A.
Burt, Tori V.
Brown, Michael G. C.
Pekarik, Cynthia
Thompson, Trevor
McLaughlin, Angela
Willie, Megan
Wilson, Laurie
Flemming, Scott A.
Ross, Megan V.
Leafloor, Jim.
Baldwin, Frank
Sharp, Chris
Lewis, Hannah
Beaumont, Matthieu
Hanson, Al
Ronconi, Robert A.
Reed, Eric
Campbell, Margaret
Saunders, Michelle
Soos, Catherine
dc.contributor.author - en
British Columbia Wildlife AIV Surveillance Program (BC WASP)
dc.date.accepted
2024-05-24
dc.date.accessioned
2025-03-31T19:10:19Z
dc.date.available
2025-03-31T19:10:19Z
dc.date.issued
2024-07-16
dc.date.submitted
2023-12-01
dc.description.abstract - en
Following the detection of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in Newfoundland, Canada, in late 2021, avian influenza virus (AIV) surveillance in wild birds was scaled up across Canada. Herein, we present the results of Canada’s Interagency Surveillance Program for Avian Influenza in Wild Birds during the first year (November 2021–November 2022) following the incursions of HPAIV from Eurasia. The key objectives of the surveillance program were to (i) identify the presence, distribution, and spread of HPAIV and other AIVs; (ii) identify wild bird morbidity and mortality associated with HPAIV; (iii) identify the range of wild bird species infected by HPAIV; and (iv) genetically characterize detected AIV. A total of 6,246 sick and dead wild birds were tested, of which 27.4% were HPAIV positive across 12 taxonomic orders and 80 species. Geographically, HPAIV detections occurred in all Canadian provinces and territories, with the highest numbers in the Atlantic and Central Flyways. Temporally, peak detections differed across flyways, though the national peak occurred in April 2022. In an additional 11,295 asymptomatic harvested or live-captured wild birds, 5.2% were HPAIV positive across 3 taxonomic orders and 19 species. Whole-genome sequencing identified HPAIV of Eurasian origin as most prevalent in the Atlantic Flyway, along with multiple reassortants of mixed Eurasian and North American origins distributed across Canada, with moderate structuring at the flyway scale. Wild birds were victims and reservoirs of HPAIV H5N1 2.3.4.4b, underscoring the importance of surveillance encompassing samples from sick and dead, as well as live and harvested birds, to provide insights into the dynamics and potential impacts of the HPAIV H5N1 outbreak. This dramatic shift in the presence and distribution of HPAIV in wild birds in Canada highlights a need for sustained investment in wild bird surveillance and collaboration across interagency partners.
dc.identifier.citation
Giacinti, J. A., Signore, A. V., Jones, M. E. B., Bourque, L., Lair, S., Jardine, C., Stevens, B., Bollinger, T., Goldsmith, D., Pybus, M., Stasiak, I., Davis, R., Pople, N., Nituch, L., Brook, R. W., Ojkic, D., Massé, A., Dimitri-Masson, G., Parsons, G. J., Baker, M., Yason, C., Harms, J., Jutha, N., Neely, J., Berhane, Y., Lung, O., French, S. K., Myers, L., Provencher, J. F., Avery-Gomm, S., Robertson, G. J., Barychka, T., Gurney, K. E. B., Wight, J., Rahman, I., Hargan, K., Lang, A. S., Montevecchi, W. A., Burt, T. V., Brown, M. G. C., Pekarik, C., Thompson, T., McLaughlin, A., Willie, M., Wilson, L., Flemming, S. A., Ross, M. V., Leafloor, J., Baldwin, F., Sharp, C., Lewis, H., Beaumont, M., Hanson, A., Ronconi, R. A., Reed, E., Campbell, M., Saunders, M., & Soos, C. (2024). Avian influenza viruses in wild birds in Canada following incursions of highly pathogenic H5N1 virus from Eurasia in 2021–2022. mBio, 15(8), Article e03203-23. https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.03203-23
dc.identifier.doi
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.03203-23
dc.identifier.issn
2150-7511
dc.identifier.uri
https://open-science.canada.ca/handle/123456789/3562
dc.language.iso
en
dc.publisher - en
American Society of Microbiology
dc.rights - en
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights - fr
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights.uri - en
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.uri - fr
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.fr
dc.subject - en
Infectious diseases
Viruses
dc.subject - fr
Maladie infectieuse
Virus
dc.subject.en - en
Infectious diseases
Viruses
dc.subject.fr - fr
Maladie infectieuse
Virus
dc.title - en
Avian influenza viruses in wild birds in Canada following incursions of highly pathogenic H5N1 virus from Eurasia in 2021–2022
dc.type - en
Article
dc.type - fr
Article
local.acceptedmanuscript.articlenum
e03203-23
local.article.journalissue
8
local.article.journaltitle - en
mBio
local.article.journalvolume
15
local.pagination
1-27
local.peerreview - en
Yes
local.peerreview - fr
Oui
local.requestdoi
No
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