Patient-reported health outcomes of SARS-CoV-2–tested patients presenting to emergency departments : a propensity score–matched prospective cohort study

Bola, R.; Sutherland, J.; Murphy, R. A.; Leeies, M.; Grant, L.; Hayward, J.; Archambault, P.; Graves, L.; Rose, T.; Hohl, C.

Patient-reported health outcomes of SARS-CoV-2–tested patients presenting to emergency departments : a propensity score–matched prospective cohort study

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dc.contributor.author: Bola, R.; Sutherland, J.; Murphy, R. A.; Leeies, M.; Grant, L.; Hayward, J.; Archambault, P.; Graves, L.; Rose, T.; Hohl, C.
dc.date.accessioned: 2025-01-29T19:06:39Z
dc.date.available: 2025-01-29T19:06:39Z
dc.date.issued: 2023-02
dc.description.abstract - en: Objective This study aimed to compare the long-term physical and mental health outcomes of matched severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive and SARS-CoV-2–negative patients controlling for seasonal effects. Study design This was a retrospective cohort study. Methods This study enrolled patients presenting to emergency departments participating in the Canadian COVID-19 Emergency Department Rapid Response Network. We enrolled consecutive eligible consenting patients who presented between March 1, 2020, and July 14, 2021, and were tested for SARS-CoV-2. Research assistants randomly selected four site and date-matched SARS-CoV-2–negative controls for every SARS-CoV-2–positive patient and interviewed them at least 30 days after discharge. We used propensity scores to match patients by baseline characteristics and used linear regression to compare Veterans RAND 12-item physical health component score (PCS) and mental health component scores (MCS), with higher scores indicating better self-reported health. Results We included 1170 SARS-CoV-2–positive patients and 3716 test-negative controls. The adjusted mean difference for PCS was 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.36, 1.36) and -1.01 (95% CI: -1.91, -0.11) for MCS. Severe disease was strongly associated with worse PCS (β = −7.4; 95% CI: -9.8, -5.1), whereas prior mental health illness was strongly associated with worse MCS (β = −5.4; 95% CI: -6.3, -4.5). Conclusion Physical health, assessed by PCS, was similar between matched SARS-CoV-2–positive and SARS-CoV-2–negative patients, whereas mental health, assessed by MCS, was worse during a time when the public experienced barriers to care. These results may inform the development and prioritization of support programs for patients.
dc.description.sponsorship: The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (447,679, 464,947, and 466,880), Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities (C-655-2129), Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation (5357), Genome BC (COV024 and VAC007), Fondation du CHU de Québec (Octroi No. 4007), and Sero-Surveillance and Research (COVID-19 Immunity Task Force Initiative) provided peer-reviewed funding. The BC Academic Health Science Network and BioTalent Canada provided non–peer-reviewed funding.
dc.identifier.doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2022.11.016
dc.identifier.issn: 1476-5616
dc.identifier.pubmedID: 36587446
dc.identifier.uri: https://open-science.canada.ca/handle/123456789/3378
dc.language.iso: en
dc.publisher - en: Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health
dc.rights - en: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights - fr: Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.uri - en: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.uri - fr: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.fr
dc.subject - en: Health; Coronavirus diseases
dc.subject - fr: Santé; Maladie à coronavirus
dc.subject.en - en: Health; Coronavirus diseases
dc.subject.fr - fr: Santé; Maladie à coronavirus
dc.title - en: Patient-reported health outcomes of SARS-CoV-2–tested patients presenting to emergency departments : a propensity score–matched prospective cohort study
dc.type - en: Article
dc.type - fr: Article
local.article.journaltitle - en: Public Health
local.article.journalvolume: 215
local.pagination: 1-11
local.peerreview - en: Yes
local.peerreview - fr: Oui